What term refers to the study and control of spurious electronic signals emitted by electrical equipment?

The term that refers to the study and control of spurious electronic signals emitted by electrical equipment is known as Tempest. This concept arises from the need to protect sensitive information from being unintentionally transmitted through electromagnetic emanations, which can be intercepted and analyzed by adversaries. Tempest encompasses techniques for designing equipment, facilities, and security measures that minimize these emissions, thereby safeguarding data and maintaining confidentiality.

The other options highlight different security concepts but do not address the specific concern of managing electromagnetic emissions. A firewall focuses on network security by controlling incoming and outgoing traffic based on predetermined security rules. Intrusion detection pertains to identifying unauthorized access or anomalies in a network system. Data Loss Prevention is concerned with protecting sensitive data from being lost, misused, or accessed by unauthorized users. Each of these plays a crucial role in an organization's security posture but does not relate to the management of electromagnetic signals as Tempest does.