Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) Practice Exam

In the context of information security, a capability typically refers to the access rights or permissions granted to specific subjects, such as users or processes, with respect to specific objects, like files, databases, or systems. This concept is crucial to access control mechanisms and is foundational to ensuring that individuals or processes only have the minimum rights necessary to perform their jobs, adhering to the principle of least privilege. By defining what actions a subject can perform on an object, capabilities establish a framework for enforcing security policies and protecting sensitive information from unauthorized access or manipulation.

The other options describe different, albeit related, aspects of information security but do not directly address the definition of a capability in the same way. For example, compatibility with various objects pertains more to system interoperability than to specific access rights. Operational limits of hardware relate to the physical constraints of devices, while the overall security framework of an organization encompasses more than just access rights and includes policies, procedures, and technological controls.